By William W. Hallo
ISBN-10: 9004173811
ISBN-13: 9789004173811
Literature starts at Sumer, we could say. provided that this historic crossroads of tin and copper produced not just bronze and the complete Bronze Age, but additionally by way of necessity, the 1st process of record-keeping and the means of writing. Scribal colleges served to propagate the hot approach and their curriculum grew to create, protect and transmit all demeanour of artistic poetry. In a life of learn, the writer has studied a number of elements of this such a lot historical literary oeuvre, together with such questions as chronology and bilingualism, in addition to contributing basic insights into particular genres similar to proverbs, letter-prayers and lamentations. additionally, he has drawn conclusions for the comparative or contextual method of biblical literature. His experiences, generally scattered in diversified courses for almost fifty years, are the following assembled in handy one-volume structure, made extra undemanding by means of wide cross-references and indices.
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Example text
463. e. A) is the material to be glanced at for reference only. ) library; both occur in the curriculum of the incantation priest (below, n. 49). 1. 46 When we add to this the new evidence for the fixed order of the separate series, we have some of the essential ingredients of a canon. If the process of canonization was not completed in the case of the cuneiform literature, it was only because political events intervened. There have, indeed, long been indications of the emergence of a standard order of cuneiform texts, though they have not always received the attention they deserved.
169–176. (b) Akkadian: KAR 158 (lyrics); H. Zimmern, ZA, 30, 1915–1916, pp. 204–229 (maˇsmaˇs¯utu); Kraus, AfO Supplement, 3, 1939, No. 51 (physiognomic omina) and the texts quoted above, n. 48. (c) Hittite: E. Laroche, Ar. , 17/2, 1949, pp. 14–23. F. Albright: A Catalogue of Early Hebrew Lyric Poetry, HUCA, 23, 1950–1951, pp. 1–39. g. at Hattusha; cf. Laroche, Ar. , 17/2, 1949, pp. 22–23. 1. 52 This too points in the direction of a standardized order of the canonical texts. Other criteria for the canonizing process include the collecting, selecting and editing of texts.
Gordon: Sumerian Proverbs (= Museum Monographs. Philadelphia, 1959) and previous literature cited there, pp. 552–553. 40 Cf. Especially H. Lewy: The Babylonian Background of the Kay Kâûs Legend, Ar. , 17/2, 1949, pp. 28–109, and Nitokris-Naqîa, JNES, 11, 1952, pp. 264–286. For the Babylonian background of the book of Daniel, cf. W. von Soden: Eine babylonische Volksüberlieferung von Nabonid in den Danielerzählungen, Zeitschrift f. Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft, 53, 1935, pp. 81–89. 1. new viewpoints on cuneiform literature So far the elements of creativity in Akkadian literature.
The World's Oldest Literature (Culture and History of the Ancient Near East) by William W. Hallo
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