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Additional info for Sumerian Grammar (Handbook of Oriental Studies/Handbuch Der Orientalistik)

Example text

2) -zu “yours”, (-a)-ni “his/hers”, or -bi “its” (non-p. class) stand in the genitive, the final [u] or [i] is overlaid by the [a(k)] of genitive or by the [a] of locative, yielding -∞gá, -za, (-a)-na, -ba. Note: Pronouns, cross-linguistically, exhibit peculiarities of their own: in mor­ phology, plural formation, and other respects. As regards the allomorphs (c) [a(k)] and (d) [(k)], it remains unknown what happened, phonetically speaking, to the final [k] of the geni­ tive morpheme. That it did not disappear totally becomes clear from the OS spelling rule for the dative case particle [r(a)].

2). There are three persons each in sg. ; the 3rd sg. distinguishes person and non-person class. All other persons are restricted to per­ son class. 1st 2nd 3rd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd sg. sg. sg. sg. pl. pl. pl. : pl. relations in 2nd and 3rd persons, 1st sg. and 1st pl. are not related (nor are they in Akkadian) because “ours” cannot be *“mine + mine”, but only “mine + yours” or “mine + his/hers/its”. Morphological behaviour: 1st sg. 2nd sg. 3rd sg. is -∞gá in gen. and loc. is -za in gen. and loc. p.

As a Semitic language has no initial consonantal clusters (tra-, stra-), word-internal clusters of more than two consonants (-astra-, -abstra-) or word-final clusters of two or more consonants (-art, -arst, -arbst) and, consequently, there are no syllabograms serv­ ing comparable purposes, we cannot identify Sumerian syllables with a structure differing from Akkadian. Therefore, while we may ask whether Sumerian syllables of the type bra-, pli-, sku-, -arp, -urps actually existed, there is no way to prove them.

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