By CCPS (Center for Chemical Process Safety)
ISBN-10: 0470938250
ISBN-13: 9780470938256
ISBN-10: 0816905541
ISBN-13: 9780816905546
Elevated automation reduces the opportunity of operator blunders, yet introduces the potential for new forms of mistakes in layout and upkeep. This publication offers designers and operators of chemical strategy amenities with a basic philosophy and method of secure automation, together with self reliant layers of safety.Content:
Chapter 1 creation (pages 1–6):
Chapter 2 where of Automation in Chemical Plant security… a layout Philosophy (pages 7–35):
Chapter three strategies for comparing Integrity of method keep an eye on structures (pages 37–79):
Chapter four defense issues within the choice and layout of uncomplicated approach regulate structures (pages 81–196):
Chapter five security issues within the choice and layout of safeguard Interlock structures (SISs) (pages 197–253):
Chapter 6 Administrative activities to make sure keep an eye on process Integrity (pages 255–294):
Chapter 7 An instance: those directions utilized to the secure Automation of a Batch Polymerization Reactor (pages 295–336):
Chapter eight the trail ahead … to extra automatic, secure Chemical crops (pages 337–364):
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Additional info for Guidelines for Safe Automation of Chemical Processes
Sample text
Manual intervention following an alarm system warning). The integrity of each instrumented protection layer is determined by the type of instrumentation selected, the number of measurements and critical alarms, the degree of dependence on the operator, the structure of the SIS installed, the maintainabilityof the instrument system, and theeffectivenessof that maintenance. Most failures in well-designed and operated chemical processes are contained by the first one or two protection layers. The middle levels guard against major releases and the outermost layers provide mitigation response to very unlikely major events.
The SRS is a compilation of information found in the PHA report, logic diagram, process technology documents, P&JD, etc. The SRS should containboth a list of SIS interlocks and critical alarmsas wellasspecific installation considemtionsand functional test requirements for the safety-related controls. In addition, reliability and availability expectations of the SIS are included in the specification. This specification, which is used as a key reference document during the SIS design, is the standard against which the SIS is first validated and then maintained.
When unsafe operating boundaries are approached, alarms are sounded and automatic actions are taken. , since an abrupt production stoppage can contribute to equipment damage and chemical releases. In some plants, SIS action will automatically initiate a complete shutdown of processing activities. The SIS is required to take action when (1) a critical variable exceedsa specified limit, (2) an operator enters a command, or (3) a failure within the SIS system itself removes the required level of automatic protection.
Guidelines for Safe Automation of Chemical Processes by CCPS (Center for Chemical Process Safety)
by Thomas
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